Spatiotemporal Variation in Land Use and Ecosystem Services during the Urbanization of Xining City

Based on the five phases of land use data from Xining corresponding to 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, we used equivalent factor method analyze values spatial-temporal variation characteristics ecosystem services in Xining. The results showed that (1) farmland developed areas were most active types land, continuous occupation led formation a kind “cross shape” spatial pattern conversion along Huangshui River, Beichuan Nanchuan River south north northwest southeast, respectively, with central urban area serving as core pattern; (2) transformation between different mainly occurred land-slope range 0–15° altitudes 2000–2750 m; (3) ESV increased by RMB 2165.26 × 106 past 40 years. period 2000 2020 was main growth service value Urbanization had great impact evolution values. In middle late stages urbanization, changed significantly within each county district. districts low, those marginal counties being higher, forming “core-periphery” trend phenomenon hollowing ESV. (4) agglomeration effect per unit continuously enhanced high-high (slope-altitude) type distributed west Xining, whereas low-low at intersection major rivers southeast